Sunday, 24 July 2016

Downloading Pokémon GO Game for Android? Beware! It Could be Malicious.

Download-Pokémon-GO-Game-for-Android
"Pokémon Go" has become the hottest iPhone and Android game to hit the market in forever with enormous popularity and massive social impact. The app has taken the world by storm since its launch this week.

Nintendo's new location-based augmented reality game allows players to catch Pokémon in the real life using their device's camera and is currently only officially available in the United States, New Zealand, UK and Australia.

On an average, users are spending twice the amount of time engaged with the new Pokémon Go app than on apps like Snapchat. In fact Pokémon Go is experiencing massive server overload in just few days of launch.

Due to the huge interest surrounding Pokémon Go, many gaming and tutorial websites have offered tutorials recommending users to download the APK from a non-Google Play link.

In order to download the APK, users are required to "side-load" the malicious app by modifying their Android core security settings, allowing their device's OS to install apps from "untrusted sources."

Pokémon Go is Installing DroidJack Malware


Security researchers have warned users that many of these online tutorials are linked to malicious versions of the Pokémon Go app that install a backdoor on Android phones, enabling hackers to compromise a user's device completely.

Security firm Proofpoint has discovered the malicious app, or APK, that has been infected with DroidJack– a Remote Access Tool (RAT) that can hack any Android device by opening a silent backdoor for hackers.

Just less than 3 days after Nintendo initially released the game in Australia and New Zealand on July 4, the malicious app was uploaded to an online malware detection repository.

Since Android core security settings normally prevent the installation of untrusted third-party apps from "unknown sources," side-loading should have never been done by a user.

"This is an extremely risky practice and can easily lead users to install malicious apps on their own mobile devices," researchers at Proofpoint wrote in a blog post. "Should an individual download an APK [Android application package] from a third-party that has been infected with a backdoor, like the one we discovered, their device would then be compromised."

Here's How to Prevent Yourself


Fortunately, there are several ways to check if you have downloaded the malicious version of the Pokémon Go app.

The infected version of the Pokémon Go app would have been granted more system permissions, so one way to differ between the two is to compare the permissions of your app to those of the legitimate one.

To do so, Go to the Settings → Apps → Pokemon GO and check the game's permissions.

If you find that the game has asked for permissions like directly call phone numbers, edit and read your SMSes, record audio, read Web history, modify and read your contacts, read and write call logs, and change network connectivity, then you should uninstall the game right away, since it is infected with DroidJack.

You can also compare the game's SHA-1 hash – a long string of characters used to verify if a file was infected with or modified by a malicious third-party – to make sure the game matches the hash of the legitimate version.

The Bottom Line:


Instead of downloading available applications from unknown third party stores, wait for the Pokémon Go app to launch in your country.

However, downloading apps from third parties do not always end up with malware or viruses, but it certainly ups the risk. So, it's the best way to wait in order to avoid compromising your device and the networks it accesses.

Thursday, 7 July 2016

How to Crack Android Full Disk Encryption

How to Crack Android Full Disk Encryption on Qualcomm Devices
The heated battle between Apple and the FBI provoked a lot of talk about Encryption – the technology that has been used to keep all your bits and bytes as safe as possible.

We can not say a lot about Apple's users, but Android users are at severe risk when it comes to encryption of their personal and sensitive data.

Android's full-disk encryption can be cracked much more easily than expected with brute force attack and some patience, affecting potentially hundreds of millions of mobile devices.

And the worst part:

There may not be a full fix available for current Android handsets in the market.

Google started implementing Full Disk Encryption on Android by default with Android 5.0 Lollipop. Full disk encryption (FDE) can prevent both hackers and even powerful law enforcement agencies from gaining unauthorized access to device's data.

Android's disk encryption, in short, is the process of encoding all user's data on an Android device before ever written to disk using user's authentication code. Once encrypted, the data is decrypted only if the user enters his/her password.

However, after thoroughly analyzing Android's full disk encryption implementation, a security researcher came to the conclusion that the feature is not as secure as the company claims it is, and he has a working code to prove it.

Cracking Android Full Disk Encryption: Exploit Available Online

how to hack android
Security researcher Gal Beniamini has discovered  issues (CVE-2015-6639 and CVE-2016-2431) in how Android devices handle its full disk encryption, making it easier for attackers to gain access to the user's sensitive data.

Beniamini also published a detailed step-by-step guide this week on how one can break down the encryption protections on Android smartphones powered by Qualcomm Snapdragon processors.

You can find the full source of the exploit on GitHub.

Basically, Android's disk encryption on devices with Qualcomm chips based only on your password. However, in real, Android uses your password to create a strong 2048-bit RSA key (KeyMaster) derived from it instead.

Qualcomm runs in the Snapdragon TrustZone to protect critical functions like encryption and biometric scanning, but Beniamini discovered that it is possible to exploit an Android security flaw to extract the keys from TrustZone.

Qualcomm runs a small kernel in TrustZone to offer a Trusted Execution Environment known as QSEE (Qualcomm Secure Execution Environment) that allows small apps to run inside of QSEE away from the main Android operating system. KeyMaster is also a QSEE app.

The researcher has detailed how attackers can exploit an Android kernel security flaw to load their own version of QSEE app inside this secure environment, thereby exploiting privilege escalation flaw and hijacking of the complete QSEE space, including the keys generated for full disk encryption.

Once getting hold of this key, an attacker could perform a brute-force attack to grab the user password, PIN or lock, cracking Android's full disk encryption.

Moreover, Qualcomm or OEMs can comply with government or law enforcement agencies to break the FDE.
"Since the key is available to TrustZone, Qualcomm, and OEMs [Original Equipment Manufacturers] could simply create and sign a TrustZone image which extracts the KeyMaster keys and flash it to the target device," Beniamini wrote. "This would allow law enforcement to easily brute force the FDE password off the device using the leaked keys."
Beniamini has provided all the technical bits of the analysis on this blog, so you can go through this blog if you are interested in having highly technical details on the issue with Android's FDE.

Although Beniamini is working with both Qualcomm as well as Google, the core of the issue might not be completely fixable and might even require new hardware changes to fix.

Google Makes Full-Disk Encryption Mandatory for New Android 6.0 Devices

Yes, Google wants you to keep your bits and bytes as safe as possible through encryption.

With the launch of Android 5.0 Lollipop last year, Google wanted to make full disk Encryption mandatory, but unfortunately, the idea did not go too well.

However, Google thinks the idea will go right this time, and it will try again to require full-disk encryption by default for devices that release with the newest Android 6.0 Marshmallow and higher versions.

Google has published the new version of the Android Compatibility Definition Document (PDF), mandating Android encryption with a couple of exceptions in Android 6.0 Marshmallow.

The document reads:
"For device implementations supporting full-disk encryption and with Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) crypto performance above 50MiB/sec, the full-disk encryption MUST be enabled by default at the time the user has completed the out-of-box setup experience."
New smartphones and tablets that ship with Android 6.0 Marshmallow and have certain performance standard must be encrypted by default.

What is Full Disk Encryption?


Full disk encryption (FDE) is the process of encoding all user's data on an Android device using an encrypted key. Once encrypted, all data on the device is automatically encrypted before ever written to disk.

In turn, the data is automatically decrypted before it returns to any calling process that asks for it. All you need is the correct key.

Full Disk Encryption is done with a kernel feature that acts directly on the block layer of the storage and has been available in devices since Android 3.0 Honeycomb.

However, Android 6.0 Marshmallow brings some pretty big changes and improvements in the overall working of the full disk encryption.

New Android devices running Marshmallow and having AES crypto performance above 50MiB-per-second require supporting encryption of:
  • The private user data partition (/data) 
  • The public data partition (/sdcard)

In other words, Full Disk Encryption is damned secure, and Google has done a pretty good job by making full disk encryption mandatory on Android devices.

What's the Problem with Full Disk Encryption?


Last year when Google implemented full disk encryption by default on the Nexus 6 devices, you had probably heard about poor device performance for disk reading and writing.
It's true — the problem with full-disk encryption is a hit on the device performance because when you need to encrypt or decrypt on the fly, disk Input/Output speeds suffer.

In short, there are some drawbacks if encryption becomes mandatory:
  1. Slower Performance: As mentioned above, Encryption always adds some overhead, which causes your device a bit slower.
  2. Encryption is One-Way Only: If you forget the decryption key, you’ll need to factory reset your device that will eventually erase all the data stored on your phone.

Do we Really Need Full Disk Encryption By Default? 


In older devices, there is an option to enable full disk encryption, but by default it is turned OFF. This left us with a choice — Do we need full disk encryption?

Many of us will find full disk encryption useful. This helps us to keep secure our sensitive information that we never, ever want to fall into the wrong hands. Full disk encryption also keeps our data secure from snoopers and government agencies who need to see it.

But for others, just the standard lock screen security is enough. If they lose their phone, they have Android Device Manager or other utilities to remotely wipe their data. They quickly change their passwords of Google and other accounts, and they even don’t have a reason to fear any consequences if government snoops into their data.

So, do you need Full Disk Encryption by Default? Share your views with us; Hit the comments below.

7 Things About Android Lollipop 5.0 You Need To Know

After offering chocolate (Kit-Kat), now Google is ready to serve you Lollipops. Google on 16th October 2014  revealed the official name of its next version Android L — Android 5.0 Lollipop.

The newly released Android 5.0 Lollipop ships with the latest Motorola-made Nexus 6 smartphone and Nexus 9 tablet built by HTC, but the company did not make the Lollipop available for download to other users immediately. The older versions of Nexus devices will receive the Lollipop update in the coming weeks.

Lollipop features some significant changes to the Android platform with a sleek new user interface, cross platform support and improved performance via the new ART runtime engine. The operating system also offers better battery life, improved notifications, OpenGL ES 3.1 and 64-bit support, among other features.

Here are some most notable features of Android 5.0 Lollipop, along with some insight as to when you might be able to get your hands on it.

Google describes Lollipop as "the largest Android release yet," with more than 5,000 new APIs. So from the developer’s perspective, there is a lot for developers to explore. Technically, the release brings Android up to API level 21.

1) MATERIAL DESIGN
Lollipop features a redesigned User Interface, which is referred to as Material Design, in which Google made extensive use of animations and layered elements to deliver what it promises.

The material design interface runs on multiple types of devices, including everything from your smartphone and tablet to your laptop and TV. The new interface supports elevation values, real-time shadows and lighting that gives a 3D appearance overall.

2) SECURITY IMPROVEMENTS
With Lollipop, Security gets enhanced as well, since it comes with encryption turned on by default in order to protect users’ data from being accessed on lost or stolen devices.

Most importantly, now you are free to share your devices with any of your friends, as Lollipop offers you guest user mode, where you can create multiple user accounts to enable your friends to log in on your device. Therefore, in both the cases, no one will be able to access your private files.

3) ANDROID SMART LOCK
For an extra layer of security, there is an Android Smart Lock, which makes it easier to unlock your phone without having to constantly enter a pin or trace a pattern. Android smart lock secures your phone or tablet by pairing it with a trusted device like your Android smartwatch, car, or even facial expressions.

For example, your Android Lollipop device will recognize your Smart watch and let you unlock your phone by simply tapping the power button. The company has also enforced the SELinux security module for all apps to give better protection against vulnerabilities and malware.

4) NOTIFICATIONS ENHANCEMENT
Notifications also get enhanced with the new OS, as of now you’ll be able to rank them based on your priorities. You can now view and respond to messages directly from your lock screen, and also could hide notifications for sensitive contents by turning on Priority mode through your device’s volume button.

You can also choose to avoid calls from interrupting the game you are playing or the movie you are watching. You can also see a more complete list of features here; scroll down to the bottom and click the “See All Features” link.

5) KILL-SWITCH IMPROVEMENT
Among lots of other features of Lollipop, Google is supporting a “kill-switch” to make stolen phones unusable through what it is calling “Factory Reset Protection.”

Essentially, it requires a password before a phone can be reset, ideally preventing thieves and intruders from making use of stolen phones.

6) RUNTIME AND PERFORMANCE BOOST
Users will experience a faster, smoother and more powerful computing with Lollipop. ART, an entirely new Android runtime, improves application performance and responsiveness as well. The new Android is ready for the 64-bit era, as it comes fully prepared to support a full 64-bit environment.
  • Supports 64 bit devices that brings desktop class CPUs to Android
  • Support for 64-bit SoCs using ARM, x86, and MIPS-based cores
  • Shipping 64-bit native apps like Chrome, Gmail, Calendar, Google Play Music, and more
  • Pure Java language apps run as 64-bit apps automatically
7) BATTERY LIFE
Last but not least, Android Lollipop is expected to bring some serious battery improvements to your mobile devices via Google’s Project Volta. The software will benefit you from a Power Saving mode that detects when your handset’s battery life is low, the app can automatically reduce CPU load and display brightness.

According to Google, the feature can get you an additional 90 minutes when you are running low, which is a lot of power when you are running on empty. The feature also displays an estimated time left to fully charge when your device is plugged in as well as time left on your device before you need to charge again.